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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann，1920年－1995年） | |||||||||||||||
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Hi-Res 4K：马勒《D大调第九交响曲》捷克指挥家瓦茨拉夫·纽曼指挥莱比锡布商大厦管弦乐团Berlin Classics |
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| Mahler's "D Major Ninth Symphony" was conducted by Czech conductor Václav Novák, with the Leipzig Bremer Haus Symphony Orchestra as the ensemble. | |||||||||||||||
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音乐历史上的今天
瓦茨拉夫·纽曼1920年9月29日出生在捷克布拉格，他是一位杰出的指挥大师。
此后，纽曼在接下来的几年里与多个国内和国外的乐团合作。从
1958
年起，他担任柏林喜剧歌剧院的指挥。在此期间，他与现代歌剧导演先驱沃尔特·费尔森斯坦合作，为莱奥斯·雅纳切克的《狡猾的狐狸》创作了令人难忘的舞台设计，该设计在歌剧曲目中保留了八年之久。从
1967 年起，他担任著名的格万豪斯管弦乐团和莱比锡国家歌剧院的指挥。1968
年，纽曼以一位成熟且知名的艺术家的身份重返捷克爱乐乐团，开始了与瓦茨拉夫·塔利奇和卡雷尔·安卡尔尔领导下的乐团所经历的同样重要的时期。在纽曼的指挥下，他进行了多次代表性的环球巡演（包括旧世界和新世界），在日本也受到了极高的敬重。瓦茨拉夫·纽曼执掌捷克爱乐乐团长达
22 年之久。1990 年，他在 70 岁时将指挥棒交给了他的学生耶里·贝洛拉夫克，当时他已指挥了 1100
场音乐会，指挥了第一支捷克交响乐团的全部作品。瓦茨拉夫·纽曼被视为捷克古典音乐的杰出演绎者，他演绎了弗雷德里克·斯美塔纳、安东宁·德沃夏克、莱奥斯·雅纳切克和博胡斯拉夫·马蒂努等作曲家的作品。然而，他真正的音乐挚爱却是古斯塔夫·马勒。凭借捷克爱乐乐团，他录制了马勒的九部交响曲，这一录音深受评论家和音乐爱好者的喜爱。瓦茨拉夫·纽曼几乎整个职业生涯都在极权主义统治下度过。可以说，他以正直的人格安然度过了这场历史考验。1968
年，华沙条约组织的军队入侵捷克斯洛伐克后，他拒绝了莱比锡歌剧院的职务，以抗议东德士兵参与占领自己的祖国的行为。在 80
年代，他中断了与捷克斯洛伐克电视台和电台的合作。据维也纳的评论家卡尔·洛布尔所述，瓦茨拉夫·纽曼于 1995 年去世，享年 75 岁。 |
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann） | |||||||||||||||
| 纽曼的指挥风格 | |||||||||||||||
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纽曼的指挥强调抒情性与弦乐的歌唱性，他是指挥捷克及东欧作品的指挥大师，他率领的捷克爱乐乐团在演奏东欧作品时有一种原汁原味的韵味。虽力度与幅度都不如西欧的重量级乐团，但弦乐之美、层次之细腻也令人刮目相看。 纽曼是一位风格非常细腻的指挥家，也许是他身上所固有的斯拉夫民族气质的关系所至吧，他指挥的音乐非常富有抒情性，在对乐曲的表达处理上，他给人的感觉是层次分明、条理清楚，对感情的处理与控制恰到好处，而对待声音的处理则显得十分清晰和干净。纽曼是一位很好地掌握和表现斯拉夫民族精神与气质的指挥家，他对于这类风格的作曲家的作品的演释是非常出色的，当然，要说最为出色的还是要数捷克作曲家的作品，他对于斯美塔那、德沃夏克、雅那切克和苏克等人的作品，可以说是最为擅长的了，这种特征无论如何是与他和祖国之间的民族血脉关系紧密相联的，这里面既有着文化和社会背景的直接影响，又有着生活习俗和精神因素的间接关系，因此无论从思维上还是从气质上都能够达到一种自然的协调一致，这些方面应该说是纽曼能够成功地指挥本民族作曲家的作品的一个重要原因。 |
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann） | |||||||||||||||
| Newman's conducting style | |||||||||||||||
| Newman's conducting style emphasizes lyricism and the singing quality of the strings. He is a master conductor of Czech and Eastern European works. The Czech Philharmonic Orchestra he leads has a distinct flavor when performing Eastern European works. Although the dynamics and range are not as strong as those of the heavyweight orchestras in Western Europe, the beauty of the strings and the delicacy of the layers are also impressive. Newman is a very delicate conductor. Perhaps it is due to the inherent Slavic national temperament in him that his conducting music is very lyrical. In the handling of the expression of the music, he gives people a sense of clear layers and clear organization, the handling of emotions and control are just right, and the treatment of sounds is very clear and clean. Newman is a conductor who well masters and expresses the spirit and temperament of the Slavic nation. His interpretation of the works of composers of this style is very excellent. Of course, the most outstanding is undoubtedly the works of Czech composers. He is the most proficient in the works of Smetana, Dvořák, Janáček and Suk. This characteristic is undoubtedly closely linked to the ethnic bloodline between him and his homeland. It has both direct influences from cultural and social backgrounds and indirect relations from living customs and spiritual factors. Therefore, in terms of thinking and temperament, it can achieve a natural and harmonious consistency. These aspects should be regarded as an important reason for Newman's successful conducting of the works of his own national composers. | |||||||||||||||
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann） | |||||||||||||||
| 表现斯拉夫精神与气质的大师——纽曼 | |||||||||||||||
| 在欧洲地理上，捷克和斯洛伐克是斯拉夫民族大家庭中的重要成员，而它们的音乐艺术在世界上也具有着十分重要的地位，特别是捷克，它的音乐艺术曾在欧洲音乐发展史上起到过推波助澜的显著作用。早在18 世纪初，曼海姆乐派中活跃的作曲家卡·斯塔米兹和里希特等人，就为欧洲交响乐的诞生做出了重大的贡献，到了19 世纪，捷克民族乐派的作曲家斯美塔那、德沃夏克、雅那切克、苏克和诺瓦克等人，又以他们特有的天才，为世界音乐宝库中增添了一笔满载斯拉夫民族精神与气质的优秀作品，因此可以说，捷克这个国家是一个对世界音乐艺术有着特殊贡献的国家，它的历代作曲大师都是最富民族特色和天才能力的突出人物。然而这个国家的音乐表演艺术家也同样在世界上拥有着显著的地位，19 世纪著名的小提琴家塞夫契克和扬·库贝利克，曾对世界小提琴艺术的发展起到过带有阶段性标志的重大作用，而作为指挥艺术来说，这个国家也可以说是一个指挥大师层出不穷的地方，从早期的塔里希、斯美塔契克、安切尔到稍后的拉·库贝利克、斯洛瓦克和纽曼等人，无不给世人留下深刻的印象，而在这些知名的大指挥家中，纽曼是一位有着特殊影响的人物，在捷克指挥艺术中，他既是一个很好的继承者，又是一个很好的发扬传播者，因此用承上启下这个词来形容他是十分恰当的。纽曼在当今世界上是一位著名的斯拉夫风格作品的指挥专家，尤其是对于捷克作曲家的作品，因此说，纽曼是一位表现斯拉夫精神与气质的指挥大师。 | |||||||||||||||
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| The master who embodies the Slavic spirit and temperament - Newman. | |||||||||||||||
| In terms of European geography, the Czech Republic and Slovakia are important members of the Slavic ethnic family, and their music and art also hold a very significant position in the world. Especially the Czech Republic, its music art has played a remarkable role in the development of European music history. As early as the beginning of the 18th century, the active composers in the Mannheim School such as Kaštaritz and Richter made significant contributions to the birth of European symphony. In the 19th century, the composers of the Czech national school such as Smetana, Dvořák, Janáček, Suk and Novák, with their unique genius, added an outstanding work rich in Slavic ethnic spirit and temperament to the world's music treasury. Therefore, it can be said that this country, the Czech Republic, is a country that has made special contributions to world music art. Its successive masters of composition are all outstanding figures with the most prominent national characteristics and genius. However, the country's music performance artists also have a significant position in the world. The famous violinists of the 19th century, Suchec and Jan Kubelik, played a significant role in the development of world violin art. As for conducting art, this country can also be said to be a place where conducting masters emerge in abundance. From the early Tarych, Smetachik, Ancher to the later Ra Kubelik, Slovak and Newman, all of them left a deep impression on the world. Among these renowned conductors, Newman is a person with a special influence. In contemporary world music, he is a famous expert in conducting Slavic style works, especially for the works of Czech composers. Therefore, it can be said that Newman is a conducting master who embodies the Slavic spirit and temperament. | |||||||||||||||
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann） | |||||||||||||||
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Today in the
history of music Wenceslas Newman was born on September 29, 1920 in Prague, Czech Republic. He was an outstanding master conductor. Vaclav Newman served as the conductor of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra for 22 years, which is the country's most renowned music ensemble. He has collaborated with the world's most outstanding orchestras and performed in places such as New York, Boston, Cleveland, Toronto, Tokyo, Vienna, Paris and Munich. During his overseas performances, he made particularly significant contributions to the stage presentation of Leo Janacek's operas. In addition to being an outstanding conductor, Vaclav Neiman was also a person of high moral character and beyond reproach. Wenceslas Newman was born in 1920. He studied violin and orchestral conducting at the Prague Conservatory. He is one of the founders of the Smetana Quartet. In 1948, as a young violinist of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, he bravely conducted the first Czech orchestra performance when the then renowned conductor Raphael Kubelik suddenly fell ill. Newman's first conducting performance fully demonstrated his outstanding orchestral conducting talent. After that, Newman collaborated with several domestic and foreign orchestras in the following years. Since 1958, he has served as the conductor of the Berlin Comedy Opera. During this period, he collaborated with Walter Felsenstein, a pioneer of modern opera directing, to create an unforgettable stage design for Leos Janacek's "The Cunning Fox", which remained in the opera repertoire for eight years. Since 1967, he has served as the conductor of the renowned Guevans Orchestra and the Leipzig State Opera. In 1968, Newman returned to the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra as a mature and renowned artist, embarking on an equally significant period as that of the orchestras led by Vaclav Talich and Karel Ankar. Under Newman's direction, he carried out many representative global Tours (including Old World and New World) and was also highly respected in Japan. Vaclav Newman led the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra for as long as 22 years. In 1990, at the age of 70, he handed over the baton to his student Yeli Belolavk. By then, he had conducted 1,100 concerts and all the works of the first Czech symphony orchestra. Wenceslas Newman is regarded as an outstanding interpreter of Czech classical music. He has performed works by composers such as Fredrik Smetana, Antonin Dvorshak, Leos Janacek and Bohuslav Martinu. However, his true passion for music was Gustav Mahler. With the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, he recorded nine symphonies of Mahler, and this recording was deeply loved by critics and music lovers. Wenceslas Newman spent almost his entire career under totalitarian rule. It can be said that he safely passed this historical test with an upright character. In 1968, after the Warsaw Pact forces invaded Czechoslovakia, he turned down his position at the Leipzig Opera House to protest against the participation of East German soldiers in the occupation of his homeland. In the 1980s, he interrupted his cooperation with Czechoslovak television and radio stations. According to the Viennese critic Karl Loeb, Wenceslav Newman died in 1995 at the age of 75. Today's Video: 1. Wenceslas Newman conducting Mahler's Symphony No. 9 in D Major (Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra); 2. Newman conducted the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra in the rehearsal of the first movement of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony. 3. Newman conducted the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra in the rehearsal of Mahler's Symphony. |
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann） | |||||||||||||||
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| 列奥什·雅纳切克 小交响乐团 弗拉基米尔·索默 女中音、旁白、混声合唱和管弦乐队声乐交响曲 玛尔塔·贝尼亚奇科娃 弗拉迪姆 多莱扎尔·卢德克 蒙扎尔 布拉格爱乐合唱团 捷克爱乐乐团 管弦乐队 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼 | |||||||||||||||
| Leos Janacek, Small Symphony Orchestra, Vladimir Sommer (soprano, narrator, mixed chorus and orchestra vocal symphony), Marta Benejchikova, Vladimír Dolzal Ludk, Monza, Prague Philharmonic Chorus, Czech Philharmonic Orchestra, Orchestra, Václav Novák | |||||||||||||||
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann）和小提琴家苏克合作的唱片封面 | |||||||||||||||
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| 瓦茨拉夫·纽曼（Vaclav Neumann)指挥德沃夏克第四交响曲的唱片封面 | |||||||||||||||
【纽曼】贝多芬：第五交响曲 【捷克爱乐乐团】(第一乐章排练) |
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| [Norman] Beethoven: Symphony No. 5 [Czech Philharmonic Orchestra] (Rehearsal of the first movement) | |||||||||||||||
【纽曼】马勒交响曲排练【捷克爱乐乐团】 |
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| Václav Neumann, Czech Philharmonic Orchestra | |||||||||||||||
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