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                      莫扎特之旅-文化交流-音乐历史上的今天                    
                     
 
 
                   
                     

                   
                     
 
 

 
 

                                    莫扎特之旅 编译文/图 2020-08-17  20:36

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull,1810——1880)      
         
    A大调小提琴协奏曲(“大协奏曲”),作品4 (1834;1864年修订)      
    Ole Bull - Violin Concerto in A major ('Grand Concerto'), Op. 4 (1834)
Ole Bull :1810-1880,挪威享誉世界的小提琴大师
A大调小提琴协奏曲(“大协奏曲”),作品4 (1834;1864年修订)
一、maestoso行板-快板maestoso [0:00]
2柔情慢板:柔情慢板[12:39]
3田园Rondo pastorale: Moderato
由挪威著名作曲家和小提琴演奏家Ole Bornemann Bull(1810-1880)创作的第一小提琴协奏曲。
小提琴手:安娜·福尔斯?
指挥:奥勒·克里斯蒂安·路德
挪威广播交响乐团
     
  Violin Concerto in A major ("Grand Concerto"), Op. 4 (1834; revised 1864)
I. Andante maestoso - Allegro maestoso [0:00]
II. Adagio sentimentale: Adagio sostenuto [12:39]
III. Rondo pastorale: Moderato [15:38]
The first violin concerto by the famous Norwegian composer and virtuoso violinist Ole Bornemann Bull (1810-1880).
Violinist: Annar Folles?
Conductor: Ole Kristian Ruud
Norwegian Radio Orchestra
     
 
     
  音乐历史上的今天

1880年8月17日,力量派小提琴家奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull,1810——1880)心力交瘁地在贝根去世。他曾试图在美国宾夕法利亚州建立一块挪威殖民地,在挪威建立一家音乐学院,都已惨败告终。
奥勒·布尔(Ole Bull),挪威著名小提琴家、作曲家。4岁开始学习小提琴,19世纪20年代曾师从瑞典小提琴家伦德霍尔姆学习。

奥勒·布尔(Ole Bull)是那一时代的小提琴大师,被称为“北欧的帕格尼尼”,演奏敏捷而充满激情。他即兴创作的曲子,也被认为是才华四溢之作。他被视为挪威民族的标志,他的演出和行动,引起了国内外对于挪威民间音乐的关注,这对后来的挪威音乐发展有着至关重要的意义。1860年,他曾倡导建立挪威民族音乐学院,但因经济原因未能如愿,而建立于1976年的奥勒·布尔音乐学院(Ole Bull Akademiet)则最终实现了他的愿望。

如果大家去搜索引擎搜索Ole Bull,可能不是从其本人展开对这个名字的认识,而是从以Ole Bull命名的“瓜奈利”小提琴名琴开始。说到这里,我们要谈到一个家族和一个人,这就是意大利提琴创造家族“瓜奈利”家族。这把命名为Ole Bulll的名琴出自于Joseph Guarneri del Gesu(约瑟夫·瓜奈里·德尔·耶穌)1744年意大利的克里莫纳(Cremona)。约瑟夫·瓜奈利出生于1698年,是瓜奈利提琴制作家族的第三代,也是家族中最为出色的提琴制作家。他一生共制作约150把小提琴,名字中的del Gesu或Jesu是因为他做的琴内标有十字架图案。瓜奈利的小提琴也是当今名琴中惟一能与斯塔拉迪瓦里(Antonio Stradivari)制作的小提琴媲美的名琴。意大利著名小提琴演奏家作曲家帕格尼尼(1782-1840)直到去世一直使用瓜奈利1742年制作的一把小提琴。而被命名为Ole Bull的瓜奈利1744年制作的小提琴,也是因为历史上这把琴的拥有者Ole Bull最为著名而得以“冠名”。

耶穌.奈利于1730年后,其手艺发展至登峰造极之境界,展现出独创性及个人风格,其整体的琴身结构优异且极富创造性,显露出他卓越的制琴天赋。 1730年至1735年这段期间,公认是他制琴的黄金时期。在他辞世的前几年,其作品较为粗獷质朴且不雅致,尤其是琴身的刀斧痕迹,一凿一銼皆表现出十足鲜明强烈的个性,具有独特的吸引力,音质也充满活力。他愈晚期所制作的提琴,在细部处理方面则愈渐偏离1730年至1735年间的精致作品。总之,耶穌.瓜奈里从黄金时期至辞世的短短十四年间,制作出来的那些充满多样性与原创性的小提琴,成为人间至宝,足以与斯塔拉迪瓦里 (Antonio Stradivari)的作品等量齐观,可说是与斯塔拉迪瓦里的琴并列为最顶级的乐器。

耶穌.瓜奈里辞世的1744年,约制作了九支小提琴,其中只有两支贴有原始标签,这支“奥勒.布尔”名琴亦包括在内。根据瑞士重要琴商维若 (Henry Werro)的臆测,这支作工稍嫌粗略的提琴,证明了当时耶穌.瓜奈里是处于身体衰弱的状况,然而,此琴却实为一件无与伦比的艺术作品。其琴身总长为 352mm,上侧板(upper bout)宽长166mm,中侧板(center bout)宽长110mm,下侧板(lower bout)宽长203mm。涂漆虽较为稀薄但恰如其分,呈现温暖的黄橙(yellow-orange)色泽。

提琴背板(back)是由两块枫木(maple)所制成,双拼面板(two-piece belly)则由两块不相称且不同年份的云杉木(spruce)拼板而成。背板的木头质量极佳,有色彩鲜明而呈波状的虎纹(flame),侧板(rib) 木头的斜线虎纹也相当均匀,与背板极为相称。此琴的琴身轮廓较为坚挺刚硬,与耶穌.瓜奈里的加农炮(“II Cannone”)名琴相较之下,缺乏圆润的弧线。“奥雷.布尔”的双拼面板是由两块不同原木所拼板而成。侧板的斜线虎纹极为均匀双拼背板的虎纹相当鲜明醒目。

当然,最后还要认识一下这位Ole Bull本人,而不是名琴。

舒曼(Robert Schumann)曾说过:“布尔是最伟大的小提琴家之一”,并将他视为与帕格尼尼(Nicol·Paganini)旗鼓相当的大师。李斯特(Franz Liszt)更授予布尔“帕格尼尼的强大竞敌”之称号,布尔因此也赢得了“斯堪的纳维亚的帕格尼尼”之称。布尔在提琴史上的历史定位,已不仅止于一位技巧超凡的演奏家,他对小提琴的那股热忱与鐘爱,也使他获得提琴鉴赏行家与收藏名家之头衔,甚至更成为一位极富造诣的制琴家与古琴维修家。

布尔自我独特的詮释概念与表现力、技艺高超的即兴演奏,以及圆润丰满的音色,散发出一股强烈而深刻的感染力,也因此凡其行迹所至之处,皆受到听众高度的赞扬。1836年,布尔于伦敦爱乐协会音乐会(Philharmonic Society concert)上获得了压倒性的胜利,一跃成名为当时最伟大的小提琴家,英国《泰晤士报》(The Times)更对其评论道:“他对乐器的掌握能力臻于完美。”1836年至1837年于英国期间,布尔出售他的第一把瓜奈里琴,买了另一支1744年制的瓜奈里琴,并长期使用这支琴于世界性的巡回演奏,而此琴即为奇美博物馆现所收藏的这支“奥勒.布尔”名琴,也无疑是布尔最珍贵的乐器。

根据科希奥国际名琴典藏网(Cozio.com)的统计,布尔一生中曾拥有过十支名琴,其中包括了两支瓜奈里名琴、三支史特拉底瓦里名琴、一支阿玛蒂(Nicol·Amati)名琴及一支达萨罗名琴。布尔拥有的这些大师级名琴,在舞台上著实逐一发挥了他灵敏多变的表现力与适应力。音乐评论家汉斯利克 (Eduard Hanslick)曾提到自己对布尔演奏技巧的赏识:“泛音与双音的拉奏出奇地稳定与利落,断奏技巧则更为出色,他的演奏无人堪与匹敌,他的音色拥有完美柔和的特质。”就小提琴演奏史层面而言,布尔绚烂的演奏风格,以及饶富戏剧性的表现手法,使他被小提琴家沃东(Henry Vieuxtemps)誉为「演奏奇迹」的提琴名家,可谓实至名归。

今日视频:1、A大调小提琴协奏曲(“大协奏曲”),作品4 (1834;1864年修订)
【奥勒·波内曼·布尔】A大调小提琴协奏曲

 
 
 
 
 
       
  奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull )                                
  挪威作曲家奥尔·布尔《小提琴协奏曲》的首次录音文档免费下载,数万用户每天上传大量最新资料,数量累计超一个亿,【doc】挪威作曲家奥尔·布尔《小提琴协奏曲》的首次录音挪威作曲家奥尔?布尔《小提琴协奏曲》的首次录音提琴协奏曲的首次录音,对于挪威作曲家奥尔布尔(OleBul1)的名字也许国内的广大音乐爱好者还比较陌生.但在十九世纪的欧洲乃至世界范围,这个名字可谓是家喻户晓!为纪念挪威这位着名的作曲家和小提琴演奏家.挪威LindbergLyd(2L)公司于2009年6月在世界上首次录制了奥尔?布尔的两首小提琴协奏曲.小提琴演奏家是AnnarFolleso.担任伴奏的是挪威广播交响乐团,指挥家是OleKristianRuud,      
  The first recording of The Norwegian composer ORR Buhr's Violin Concerto is free to download, and tens of thousands of users upload a large number of new materials every day, with a total volume of more than 100 million.The name of The Norwegian composer OleBul1 may be unknown to music lovers in His home country, but it was a household name in 19th century Europe and around the world.In honor of the renowned Norwegian composer and violinist, the Norwegian company LindbergLyd(2L) made the world's first recording of ORR LindbergLyd in June 2009.Boer's two violin concertos. The violinist was Anna Folleso. He was accompanied by the Norwegian Radio Symphony Orchestra and directed by Olekri Tianruud.                
       
         
  Ole Bull’s 1732 Guarneri 30      
   
  布尔的达·萨洛有证据表明,一座狭窄的桥已经安装在传统的位置上         
  Bull’s da Salo with evidence of a narrow bridge having been fitted forward of the conventional position      
   
  奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull ) 收藏的1732年制作的瓜奈利      
  Ole Bull’s 1732 Guarneri 30      
       
  奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull ) 收藏的另一把瓜奈利琴头      
   Another Guanelli from Ole Bull's collection            
       
  挪威,吕素恩,音乐家奥勒·布尔公馆      
  Norvège,Lysoen, Maison du Musicien Ole Bull      
       
  坐落在奥勒.布尔(Ole Bull )家乡的雕像      
  Album cover of Balakirev's piano Concerto      
 
     
  Today in the history of music
On August 17, 1880, Ole Bull (1810 -- 1880), a power violinist, died at Begen, exhausted and exhausted.His attempts to establish a Norwegian colony in Pennsylvania and a conservatory in Norway failed miserably.
Ole Bull is a Famous Norwegian violinist and composer.He began to play the violin at the age of four and studied with the Swedish violinist Lundholm in the 1820s.
Ole Bull was a master violinist of his time, known as the "Paganini of Northern Europe," who played with agility and passion.His improvised compositions are also regarded as brilliant works.He was regarded as a symbol of the Norwegian nation, and his performances and actions aroused domestic and international attention to Norwegian folk music, which was of great significance to the later development of Norwegian music.In 1860, he proposed the establishment of the Norwegian Academy of Ethnomusicology, but failed for economic reasons, and the Ole Bull Akademiet, founded in 1976, was finally granted his wish.
If you look up Ole Bull, you might start not with him, but with the guarani violin named after him.Speaking of which, we are going to talk about a family and a person, which is the family of the creation of the violin, the Guarani family.The Ole Bulll is named after Joseph Guarneri del Gesu (Joseph Guarneri del Jesus) of Cremona, Italy, in 1744.Joseph Guanelli was born in 1698, the third generation of the Guanelli violin family, and the best violin-maker in the family.He made about 150 violins in his lifetime, named del Gesu, or Jesu, because he made them with crosses on them.The guanelli violin is the only one of its kind today to rival the violin made by Antonio Stradivari.The famous Italian violinist and composer Paganini (1782-1840) used a violin made by Guanelli in 1742 until his death.Guanelli's violin, made in 1744, was named Ole Bull, the most famous violin in history.
After 1730, Jesus Neri reached the peak of his skill, showing originality and personal style. The overall structure of the instrument was excellent and highly creative, which showed his outstanding talent for making the instrument.The period from 1730 to 1735 is generally regarded as the golden age of his qin making.In the first few years after his death, his works were rough and unrefined, especially the marks of the knife and axe on the piano body. Each chisel and file showed full bright and strong personality, with unique attraction, and the sound quality was full of vitality.The later he made the violins, the more detailed they were, the more they deviated from the fine works of 1730 and 1735.In short, the varied and original violins made by Jesus Guanelli between his golden age and his death are among the finest instruments on earth, on a par with the works of Antonio Stradivari.
About nine violins were made in 1744, the year of Jesus' death. Only two of them bore the original label, including the famous Ole Buhl.Henry Werro, an important Swiss dealer, speculated that the slightly sketchier instrument was proof that Jesus Guanelli was in a state of physical weakness, yet it was a work of art without equal.The length of the body is 352mm. The upper bout is 166mm in width, the center bout 110mm in width and the lower bout 203mm in length.The paint is thin but appropriate, with a warm yellow-orange hue.
A back is made from two pieces of maple, while a two-piece belly is made from two pieces of spruce that do not match and are of different years.The quality of the wood on the back is excellent with bright and wavy flame and the diagonal tiger pattern on the rib is quite even and matches well with the back.The body of the lute is firm and rigid, and lacks a rounded curve compared with the famous lute of Jesus Guarani (" II Cannone ").The double panel of "Ole Bull" is made up of two different logs.Diagonal tiger stripes on the side panels are extremely uniform and the tiger stripes on the back panels are quite striking.
Finally, of course, get to know Ole Bull, not the famous piano player.
Robert Schumann once said, "Boer is one of the greatest violinists," and regarded him as a master on a par with Nicol Paganini.Franz Liszt, a French journalist, dubbed him "a formidable rival to Paganini", earning him the nickname "The Scandinavian Paganini".Bull's place in the history of the violin is not merely that of a virtuoso; his passion and love for the violin have earned him the title of connoisseur and collector, and even more an accomplished violin-maker and guqin repairman.
His unique interpretive concepts and expressiveness, skillful improvisation, and mellow timbre exude a strong and profound appeal, and are highly praised by the audience wherever he goes.He became The greatest violinist of his time when he won an overwhelming victory at The Philharmonic Society Concert in London in 1836, and The Times commented, "His mastery of The instrument is beyond perfection."During his stay in England from 1836 to 1837, Buhl sold his first Guanaili and bought another guanaili from 1744, which he used for a long time to play around the world. This guanaili is the "Ole" in the chime Museum's current collection.The famous "Boer" musical instrument is undoubtedly the most precious musical instrument of Boer.
At one point in his life, Buhl owned 10 pianos, including two Guanelli, three Stradivarius, one Nicol Amati and one Dasarot, according to Cozio.com.Boer has these masters, on the stage in fact one by one to play his flexible expression and adaptability.The music critic Eduard Hanslick said of his appreciation of Boer's virtuosity: "The overtone and doublet play is surprisingly steady and crisp, the staccato play is even better, and his playing is unrivalled and his tone is perfectly soft."In terms of the history of violin playing, Buhl's brilliant style and dramatic technique of expression made him a violinist Henry Vieuxtemps called a "miracle performer."
1. Violin Concerto in A Major, Op. 4 (1834;(amended 1864);Violin Concerto in A major by Ole Boneman Bull.
     
 

 
 
 
 
     
         
  【奥勒·波内曼·布尔】A大调小提琴协奏曲      
  “Grand Concerto”,Op.4      
  Violin Concerto in A major ("Grand Concerto"), Op. 4 (1834; revised 1864) Ole Bornemann Bull (1810-1880)
Movement 1 Andante maestoso - Allegro maestoso
Movement 2 Adagio sentimentale: Adagio sostenuto
Movement 3 Rondo pastorale: Moderato
     
  手写乐谱,绝了!
 
 奥勒·布尔,挪威小提琴家,探险家,算是挪威最早名声走出国界的作曲家。被誉为“北欧的帕格尼尼”,现在作品很少上演,但质量都不差(至少我觉得协奏曲的乐团部分写的就比帕格尼尼好)。希望你们喜欢
     
 
 
 
     
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