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                      莫扎特之旅-文化交流-音乐历史上的今天                    
                     
 
 
                   
                     

                   
                     
 
 

 
 

                                         田润德 编译 文/图 2020-04-12  18:36

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  皮特洛·纳尔迪尼(Pietro Nardini 1722-1793)      
         
  彼得罗·纳尔迪尼弦乐奏鸣曲      
  Pietro Nardini Sonatas for Strings      
 
     
  音乐历史上的今天

1722年4月12日,塔蒂尼的继任者皮特洛·纳尔迪尼(Pietro Nardini)在里窝那(Livorno)出生。“纳尔迪尼是充满爱心的小提琴家......有人见过当纳尔迪尼表演一曲柔板时,一位铁石心肠的贵族都要哭了。纳尔迪尼本人的眼泪也会滴在他的提琴上”(丹尼尔·舒巴尔特语)

皮特洛·纳尔迪尼(Pietro Nardini 1722-1793)。纳尔迪尼于1722年4月12日生于意大利北部的港口城市里窝那(Livorno),1793年5月7日卒于佛罗伦萨。意大利小提琴家、作曲家。塔蒂尼的得意门生。1753年任斯图加特宫廷独奏乐师,他一直和塔蒂尼生活在一起,1770年塔蒂尼逝世后,他继续担任吐司卡尼公爵的宫廷音乐指导。作为小提琴家,他熟练的技巧和温暖感人的音色,曾受到同时代的小提琴家列奥波德·莫扎特等人的高度赞扬,他写过许多小提琴作品,包括六首协奏曲,六首两把小提琴的奏鸣曲、六首小提琴独奏曲、六首小提琴的二重奏等。

18岁那年皮特洛·纳尔迪尼回到故乡就在那里开始了自己作为演奏家,作曲家和教师的成功的艺术生涯。为了演出他也曾去过奥地利和德国,1762年至1765年还曾在斯图加特公爵的宫庭乐队工作了三年,而且1763年起即担任首席小提琴,当时这乐队是因其由最优秀的演奏家组成而闻名于世的。在斯图加特之后纳尔迪尼曾去过不伦瑞克但为时不长,1766年回到家乡并主要从事创作。三年后听到塔尔蒂尼病重的消息后特地赶到帕多瓦照料这位三十年前教过他的老师,塔尔蒂尼是在几个月以后于1770年2月去世的。在那以后纳尔迪尼接受了去佛罗伦萨任公爵宫庭中的首席小提琴的任命并在那里负责音乐方面的工作直至去世那年,纳尔迪尼在佛罗伦萨的活动并不局限于演奏,他的六首感人的四重奏即是晚期作品中的佳作(1782),而教学活动更是一直持续到最后,纳尔迪尼是于1793年在这座城市去世的。

纳尔迪尼不是那种有炫技倾向的演奏家,正相反,虽然技巧辉煌,(这可见之于他写的那些随想曲),但真正的长处却在于他那充满灵气的慢板乐章的演奏,声音极为纯净美丽,而演奏又富于歌唱性,因此有些评论认为他是当时意大利最完美的演奏家,甚至超过了长于演奏歌唱性段落的普尼亚尼。

这种重音乐内容而不是炫技的风格也反映在他自己的创作上,纳尔迪尼最好的作品是他的奏鸣乐,这种奏鸣乐在乐章速度的安排上遵循塔尔蒂尼的传统(慢—快—快),最美的往往是位于奏鸣乐开始部分的慢乐章,现在看到的这种慢乐章通常有带装饰与无装饰的两种形式,不过其实早在卡蒂埃(Cartier)版中就已有装饰了,这种慢板因为有装饰所以常被称之为是“Adagiosbrodés”,但这种把装饰写清楚的形式是否出自作曲家的手笔尚需进一步的研究。奏鸣乐当中的快板乐章形式通常与古典奏呜乐相似,而在第三乐章通常采用回旋曲或变奏曲的形式。出于同样的原因纳尔迪尼的协奏曲一般不用很难的技巧写成,但可能对青年莫扎特写自己的小提琴协奏曲有影响。纳尔迪尼也写四重奏,他的四重奏效果动人,虽然使用的手法比较朴素。在四重奏的写法上与莫扎特的早期四重奏作品比较接近。莫扎特的朋友托马斯·林利(Thomas Linley)还曾跟纳尔迪尼学过小提琴。

纳尔迪尼是一位体现了意大利前古典主义的小提琴家和作曲家,他所着重的是音乐的内在价值,虽没有有塔尔蒂尼或洛卡泰里那样大胆与富有想像力,但其风格是非常有个性与独创的,可能部分由于所处时期的关系,纳尔迪尼是最后那些为小提琴与数字低音写奏鸣乐的作曲家之一,纳尔迪尼奏鸣乐作品在音乐史上有其独特的地位,因为除了感人至深外从中还可以看到由巴罗克到前古典主义的发展,这两者在他的作品里很好地结合在一起。由于古典主义的兴起他的风格不久即被认为属于已逝去的那个时代,但即使是在巴罗克时期作品没得到足够的重视的19世纪纳尔迪尼的有些作品还是在被人演奏的。
今日视频:1、彼得罗·纳尔迪尼弦乐奏鸣曲;2、现场直播:利奥波德·莫扎特与神童音乐会

 
 
 
 
 
       
  皮特洛·纳尔迪尼(Pietro Nardini)的作品      
 
     
  Today in the history of music
His successor, Pietro Nardini, was born in Livorno on April 12, 1722."Nardini is a loving violinist...One has seen a stony-hearted nobleman ready to cry when nardini performed a piece of adagio.The tears of nardini himself will drip on his fiddle "(Daniel shubalt)
Pietro Nardini (1722-1793).Nardini was born in Livorno, a port city in northern Italy, on April 12, 1722, and died in Florence on May 7, 1793.Italian violinist and composer.A favorite of tatini's.A court soloist in Stuttgart in 1753, he lived with tattini until his death in 1770, when he continued as court music director to the duke of Tuscany.As a violinist, his skillful skills and warm and touching timbres were highly praised by his contemporaries such as Leopold Mozart. He wrote many violin works, including six concertos, six sonatas for two violins, six violin solos, and six violin duets.
Nardini  returned to his hometown at the age of 18 and began his successful career as a performer, composer and teacher there.He had also been to Austria and Germany for his performances, and had worked for three years from 1762 to 1765 in the duke of Stuttgart's court orchestra, and had been concertmaster since 1763, when the orchestra was renowned for being composed of the best performers.After Stuttgart, nardini went to Brunswick but not for long, returning home in 1766 and working mainly as a songwriter.Three years later, when he heard that tardini was seriously ill, he came to padua to take care of his teacher, who had taught him three decades earlier. Tardini died a few months later in February 1770.After that, is believed to have accepted to the family as the duke of Florence palace where is appointed by the chief of the violin and is responsible for the music work until his death, that year, his activities are not confined to play in Florence, his six moving quartet is the excellent work of the late work (1782), and teaching activities is continued until finally, in 1793, is believed to be in the city's death.
, his is not the sort of player has a tendency to show off, on the contrary, although the skills, (which is visible to the caprices,) he has written, but the real strength lies in his inspirational adagio movement performance, the sound is very pure and beautiful, and playing abound GeChangXing, therefore some comments that he is the most perfect Italian player at the time, even more than the longer than playing GeChangXing paragraph nyongani.
This style of heavy music content rather than technical reflects on his own, he has his best work is the joy, this played music in the arrangement of the movement speed following the traditions of the tal tiny (slow - fast - fast), the best is often located in played the beginning of a slow movement, now see the slow movement usually has two forms with decoration and decoration, but in fact as early as in the Cartier (Cartier) have been in decoration, the adagio for decoration is so often referred to as "Adagiosbrodes",But further research is needed to find out whether this clear form of decoration was written by the composer.The allegro in the clavichord is usually similar to the classical Sonora, while the third movement is usually rondo or variations.For the same reason, nardini's concertos were not usually written with difficult technique, but may have influenced young Mozart to write his own violin concertos.Nardini also wrote quartets, and his quartets were moving, albeit in a more understated way.It is close to Mozart's early quartets in the writing method of quartets.Mozart's friend Thomas Linley also learned the violin from nardini.
Is believed to be a embodies the former Italian classical violinist and composer, his focus on music is the intrinsic value, although not a tal tiny or los card issued as bold and imaginative, but its very idividual character and unique style, may be partially due to the time period of relationship, is believed to be the final those written for violin and digital bass played music composer, one of, is believed to have played music works in the history of music has its unique position, because in addition to moving before it can be seen by javed baloch to the development of classicism, both in his work very well together.With the rise of classicism his style was soon considered to belong to a bygone era, but even in the nineteenth century some of nardini's works were still being performed, even in the baroque period, where they received little attention.
Video for today: 1. String sonata by pietro nardini;2. Live: Leopold Mozart and child prodigy concert.
 

 
 
 
 
     
   
  皮特洛·纳尔迪尼(Pietro Nardini)时代的小提琴家      
       
  音乐美学家、诗人丹尼尔.舒巴尔特( Daniel Schubart)      
  1777年1月24日
桀骜不驯的诗人兼音乐家丹尼尔.舒巴尔特( Daniel Schubart)开始了他在符腾堡卡尔.尤根公爵的地牢中的10年牢狱之灾,因为他在文字中得罪了公爵。他是《鳟鱼》及舒伯特其他一些音乐作品的原诗作者,在狱中,舒巴尔特靠写《论音乐的美学思想》(Ideas on the Aestheitcs of Music)消磨时光。

克里斯蒂安·丹尼尔·舒巴尔特 (christian friedrich daniel schubart 1739-1791),德国诗人,“狂飙突进”运动的左翼代表。1739年3月24日,生在威尔台木贝尔格一个管风琴师家庭。当过乡村小学教师,1769年任宫廷管风琴师。由于写作暴露宫廷荒淫无耻的诗篇,1773年被驱逐出威尔台木贝格公国。1774年在奥格斯堡创办《德国纪事报》。1777年1月24日,舒巴尔特( Daniel Schubart)开始了他在符腾堡卡尔.尤根公爵的地牢中的10年铁窗生活,因为他在文字中得罪了公爵。在狱中十年,舒巴尔特写成了他的《论音乐的美学思想》(Ideas on the Aestheitcs of Music)一书。1791年死于斯图加特。

音乐美学作为美学的一个分支,发展只有一、二百年。舒巴尔特是历史上第一个使用“音乐美学”这个概念的人,他在《论音乐美学的思想》(1806年出版)一书中第一个使用了音乐美学这个概念,所以一谈到音乐美学,首先我们想到的就是舒巴尔特
弗朗茨·舒伯特(Franz Schubert,1797年1月31日—1828年11月19日),奥地利籍Germanen(日耳曼人),作曲家。

     
  January 24, 1777
The recalcitrant poet and musician Daniel Schubart began ten years in the dungeon of the duke of Karl jurgen in wurttemberg for offending the duke with his words.The author of "trout" and other schubert poems, schubert spent time in prison writing "Ideas on the aesthetic of Music."
Christian friedrich Daniel schubart (1739-1791) was a German poet who represented the left wing of the "mad rush" movement.Born on March 24, 1739, to an organist in wilttemberg.He was a country schoolteacher and in 1769 he became a court organist.He was expelled from the principality of wilttemberg in 1773 for writing poems that exposed the debauchery of the court.The German chronicle was founded in augsburg in 1774.On January 24, 1777, Daniel Schubart began ten years in prison in the dungeons of the duke of Karl jurgen in wurttemberg for offending the duke with his writing.During his ten years in prison, schubert wrote his book Ideas on the aesthetic of Music.He died in Stuttgart in 1791.
As a branch of aesthetics, musical aesthetics has only developed for one or two hundred years.Shubalt was the first person in history to use the concept of "musical aesthetics". He first used the concept of musical aesthetics in his book on the idea of musical aesthetics (published in 1806).
Franz Schubert (January 31, 1797 -- November 19, 1828) was an Austrian composer of Germanen (German).
Schubert, a leading figure in early romantic music and considered the last great master of classical music, wrote the now famous lullaby, which begins with "sleep, sleep, my dear baby".
Video today: Jacqueline duprebellen boim perlman zuckerman jubenmetta playing schubert's trout trout quintet.
     
 
 
   
 
列奥波尔得·莫扎特(Leopold Mozart1719-1787)
     
  列奥波尔得·莫扎特(Leopold Mozart,1719年11月14日-1787年5月28日)出生于神圣罗马帝国奥格斯堡自由城市(今德国),在神圣罗马帝国奥地利大公国萨尔斯堡(名义上帝国首都)逝世。是一名德国籍作曲家、指挥家、音乐教师和小提琴演奏家。
作为一名作曲家、指挥家、音乐教师兼小提琴演奏家的列奥波尔得在西方音乐史上并未享有过高的声誉,而他作为沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特的父亲兼启蒙教师的身份更为大家所熟知。列奥波尔得·莫扎特曾先后生有7个孩子,不过其中5个都过早地夭折,顽强地活下来并长在成人的只有最小的儿子沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特和他的姐姐玛利亚·安娜·莫扎特。
他不仅作为沃尔夫冈·阿玛多伊斯·莫扎特的父亲兼启蒙教师而为西方音乐作出贡献,而且还著作了当时最重要的小提琴教育文献——《关于小提琴演奏基本原理的论文》。
 
     
       
  列奥波德·莫扎特所作当时最重要的小提琴教育文献——《关于小提琴演奏基本原理的论文》封面(Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule)      
  Leopold Mozart (November 14, 1719 -- May 28, 1787) was born in the free city of augsburg (modern Germany) in the holy Roman empire and died in salzburg (the nominal capital of the empire) in the grand duchy of the holy Roman empire of Austria.He is a German composer, conductor, music teacher and violinist.
A composer, conductor, music teacher, and violinist, Leopold is less well known in western music history than as the father and first teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.Of the seven children born to Leopold Mozart, five died prematurely, and the only surviving adults were his youngest son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and his sister, maria Anna Mozart.
Not only did he contribute to western music as the father and first teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, but he also wrote the most important violin educational document of the time, the treatise on the fundamental principles of violin playing.
     
 
     
         
  现场直播:利奥波德·莫扎特与神童音乐会,2019年7月27日下午5点
克谢特·埃隆克Keshet Eilonk(
是以色列的一个艺术中心)
2019年7月28日
曲目:
圣桑——引子随想回旋曲,作品28
克里斯蒂安·李(澳大利亚),小提琴
尤金尼亚·莱克尼克(以色列),钢琴
莫扎特:d小调弦乐四重奏,KV 421
我快速的中板的
莎乐美四重奏
莫扎特主题的即兴创作
诺姆·西万(以色列),钢琴
E.莫里康内——“爱的主题”——天堂电影院
克谢特·埃隆克合奏
安德森-小提琴法德尔
克谢特·埃隆克合奏
 
     
  Keshet Eilon Live: Leopold Mozart and Child Prodigies Concert, July 27th, 2019 5:00pm

Keshet Eilon
2019年7月28日
PROGRAM:

C. Saint-Saëns - Introduction et rondo capriccioso, Op.28

Christian Li (Australia), Violin
Eugenia Lakernik (Israel), Piano

W. A. Mozart - String Quartet in d minor, KV 421
I. Allegro moderato

Salome Quartet

Improvisation on Mozart theme

Noam Sivan (Israel), Piano

E. Morricone - “Love Theme” – Cinema Paradiso

Keshet Eilon Ensemble

L. Anderson - Fiddle Faddle

Keshet Eilon Ensemble
 

     
 
 
 
     
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