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| 德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇（Dmitriy·Shostakovich，1906－1975） | |||||||||||||||||||||||
捷杰耶夫指挥肖斯塔科维奇第七交响曲 “列宁格勒” |
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音乐历史上的今天 1942年3月5日，肖斯塔科维奇以家乡列宁格勒命名，并在该城被围期间创作的《第七交响曲》，由萨缪尔·萨莫苏德(Samuel Samosud)指挥下的波修瓦交响乐团在伏尔加河边的库别雪夫演出。“这并不是描写被围困的列宁格勒，而是被斯大林毁掉的列宁格勒，希特勒不过是最后一击。”——所罗门·伏尔科夫《见证——肖斯塔科维奇回忆录》
1919—1925年在彼得堡音乐学院学习钢琴与作曲；1923、1925年先后毕业于钢琴、作曲专业，以毕业作品第一交响曲的演出而成名；1927年在肖邦钢琴比赛中获奖；卫国战争中所创作的第七交响曲享誉世界；1957、1962年先后因《第十交响曲》和《第十三交响曲》引起争论；1960年加入苏联共产党；1975年在莫斯科去世。
肖斯塔科维奇《第七交响曲》是鲜明的主题、崇高的立意、深刻的思想、偏向传统的形式与作曲家非凡的创作天才的结合，它不仅成为了交响曲与战争题材音乐的丰碑，也成为肖斯塔科维奇交响曲创作中的一朵奇葩（或者说一个异数）。在肖氏的十五首交响曲中，综合以上这些因素的作品似乎只有第七和第十一这两首（也许还包括第八，尽管该作没有标题）。 |
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| 德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇（Dmitriy·Shostakovich） 在创作中 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇和朋友们在演奏室内乐 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Today in the
history of music On March 5, 1942, shostakovich's seventh symphony, named after his hometown of Leningrad and composed during the siege of the city, was performed in kubeshev on the volga river by the bossuva symphony orchestra under the direction of Samuel Samosud."It's not about Leningrad under siege, it's about Leningrad being destroyed by Stalin, and Hitler being the final blow.""-- Solomon vorkov," witness -- the memoirs of shostakovich" In the early summer of 1942, in the air from gubyshev, Soviet union, to Tehran, a plane was flying with microfilm on a special mission, neither a military map nor an operational plan, but an actual symphony. On March 5, 1942, Soviet composer shostakovich's seventh symphony, written with passion, was performed for the first time in Leningrad, under siege by the kos.The American diplomatic and military delegation visiting the Soviet union and Leningrad's senior generals were all present for the premiere, and the symphony was performed with three trumpets, four horns and three trombones added by the three control bands. The performance was broadcast live around the world, inspiring peace-loving people in countries fighting fascism.The international music industry is scrambling to get a score of the symphony.In the United States, the conductor toscanini was asked excitedly to rehearse the work.The score was microfilmed in the Soviet union and sent to the United States via Tehran and Cairo.Then it was printed as fast as it could into a 252-page score and handed over to the director.On July 19, the great work was again broadcast in the United States. Of all the books on shostakovich, the most famous is probably the doubtful, so far uncertain authenticity of "witness - shostakovich's memoirs."Volkov's "memoir", published in New York after he defected to the west in 1979, was dubious because the author could not provide conclusive evidence of the composer's approval of the manuscript, and it gained great popularity because it produced some "wild material", including the description of the seventh symphony.According to the book, the seventh symphony was conceived before the war, and the composer was struck by David's hymn in the bible.If a psalm is one of shostakovich's inspiration, that wouldn't be too unacceptable, we from the works of the third movement switch can also experience a feeling of the tragic religious, but the most striking is that some words in the book: "the seventh symphony is designed before the war, so, not as a burst under Hitler's attack.The 'invasion theme' has nothing to do with Hitler's attacks. When I wrote this theme, I was thinking about other enemies of humanity."Look at shaw.Stakovich's words and deeds in the war, it is impossible to believe that such words could come from the composer himself.It is not to say that xiao did not hold a strong antipathy to Stalin, but in the composer's life, the patriotic thought is always very clear;When he went to some western countries, he always kept a "skeleton in the closet" position.We can certainly think composer in his environment could not have said some words out, but after the shore is a general understanding of how we feel in that same while campaigning, under the situation of national peril, composer ignored the foreign invasion, to set the negative image of their country's leaders that it's hard to convince. Shortly after the end of the second world war, the Soviet union began to pay close attention to the ideological field and carried out a massive ideological criticism campaign.Shostakovich was unfairly criticized for a second time in this movement, and even a work as positive as the Leningrad symphony was pointed out to have some problems.Marian Kowal, the composer's old rival in the days of the "Russian proletarian musicians association", is adamant that "in shostakovich's music there is no one who is brave enough to resist fascism.Just some abstract humanitarian ideas expressed in the music: basically less agitation, more rationality...The strength and talent of the people of the Soviet union must be demonstrated by the melodies of the Russian people and the other peoples of the Soviet republic in the tenacious struggle against fascism..."By contrast, khrennikov, then the first secretary of the composers' association, who was another "focal point" of the Soviet music industry, seemed to have a far more pertinent assessment of the seventh symphony.He thought the work showed that "he [shostakovich] was absolutely right in his musical thinking, which was to debunk the fascist threat of disaster and to represent the mainstream of the world, the shining example of our times.Only shostakovich is the most suitable person to do this.During the war, shostakovich, who undertook the task of gradually approaching the people more than once in terms of music creation, made it difficult for his seventh symphony to be popularized among the people of the Soviet union due to his use of tonal abstraction and supranational conception of musical language.Khrennikov is right, after all, that "popularization among the people" is not the same as "popularization among the concert audience", in which the form of the symphony itself lacks an advantage over the revolutionary song. Dmitriy Dmitriyevich Shostakovich (September 25, 1906 -- August 9, 1975) was born in st. Petersburg. 1919-1925 studied piano and composition at the Petersburg conservatory of music;In 1923 and 1925, he graduated from the piano and the major of composition, and became famous for his performance of the first symphony of his graduation work.In 1927, he won the Chopin piano competition.The seventh symphony composed in the great patriotic war is world-renowned;In 1957 and 1962, the 10th symphony and the 13th symphony caused controversy.Joined the Soviet communist party in 1960;He died in Moscow in 1975. Shostakovich the seventh symphony is a distinct theme, lofty conception and profound thought, the traditional form and the combination of the composer's extraordinary genius, it not only became a monument to symphony and war theme music, also become a flower in the shostakovich symphony creation (or a different number).Of shaw's fifteen symphonies, the only two that seem to combine these elements are the seventh and eleventh (and perhaps the eighth, though the work has no title). Today's video: 1. Tsekiyev conducts the performance of Shostakovich's Seventh Symphony at the Kirov Opera in St. Petersburg, Russia.2. Oystrach, Shostakovich Violin Concerto No. 1 in A minor, Op.99;Giania Noceda conducts the London Symphony Orchestra in Shostakovich's First Symphony. |
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| 美国《时代周刊》封面上的肖斯塔科维奇 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 摄于第二次世界大战期间，肖斯塔科维奇带着消防帽，这成了俄罗斯人抗击希特勒军队的一个象征。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shostakovich was photographed during world war ii wearing a firefighter's hat, which became a symbol of the Russian resistance to Hitler's forces. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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所罗门。伏尔科夫，1944年生于中亚细亚列宁纳巴德，1967年以优异成绩毕业于里姆斯基一科萨科夫国家音乐学院，毕业后即在该院从事音乐学研究工作，直至1971年。他主要研究俄罗斯和苏联音乐的历史和美学，
以及音乐感觉和音乐演奏的心理学。曾在学术性杂志和普及性杂志上发表过许多文章，并于1
9 7 1年出版《列宁格勒的青年作曲家》一书，甚得好评。他曾任苏联作曲家协会和苏联文化部合办的《苏联音乐》的高级编辑和室内歌剧实验剧院艺术指导，1972年成为作曲家协会会员。 伏尔科夫先生于1976年6月到美国，此后任纽约市哥伦比亚大学俄国研究所副研究员至今。除准备出版《见证》外，他还在《纽约时报》、《新共和》、《美国音乐》、《音乐季刊》以及美国欧洲其他许多刊物上发表过许多论述音乐的文章。他曾在威尼斯的拉比安纳和加利福尼亚州伯克利的国际音乐学学会第十．二次代表大会上提出论文。现在，他和他的妻子，钢琴家和摄影家玛丽安娜。伏尔科娃住在纽约。——中译本《季米特里·肖斯塔科维奇回忆录》 |
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Solomon.Volkov,
1944, born in leninabad, central Asia,Graduated with honors from the
rimsky kosakov national conservatory of music in 1967,After graduation,
he took up musicology research in the college until 19'71.His main
research A study of the history and aesthetics of Russian and Soviet
music, as well as musical feeling and performancePsychology.Having
published many articles in academic and popular journals,He also
published the book "the young composer of Leningrad" in 1971, which was
well received.He used toHe was the senior editor of "Soviet music"
jointly organized by the Soviet composers association and the Soviet
ministry of cultureHe was artistic director of the experimental chamber
opera theatre and became a member of the composers' association in
1972.Mr. Volkov arrived in the United States in June 1967 and later served as Columbia in New York CityAssociate research fellow of Russian institute of Asian university till now.In addition to preparing for the publication of witness, he alsoIn the New York times, the new republic, American music, music quarterly, and the United StatesAnd many other European journals have published many articles on music.He was inRabiana in nice and the international musicology society in Berkeley, California.The thesis was presented at the second congress.Now, he and his wife, the pianist and photographer ctress mariana.Volkova lives in New York. |
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| 这是我收藏的一本1981年的中译本《季米特里·肖斯塔科维奇回忆录》，记录并整理：所罗门·伏尔科夫，叶琼芳译 卢佩文校。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 本书（原名《见证》）是肖斯塔科维奇生前口述，由其学生伏尔科夫记录整理，带到西方出版的。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 肖斯塔科维读一篇官方讲话，他读过许多这样的官方讲话，左面有著名的奥伊斯特拉赫。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 肖斯塔科维奇和妻子妮娜 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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肖斯塔科维奇 第一交响曲 伦敦交响乐团 Gianandrea Noseda |
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| 2019年3月28日星期四，吉安尼亚·诺塞达在巴比肯音乐厅现场指挥伦敦交响乐团演奏肖斯塔科维奇的第一首交响乐。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gianandrea Noseda conducts the London Symphony Orchestra in Shostakovich's First Symphony live from the Barbican Hall on Thursday 28 March 2019. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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对于许多人来说，似乎已经忽略了德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇在开始创作自己的第一交响曲（op.10)时，才刚刚18岁，因为这首交响曲实在太成熟了，以至于人们忘记了作曲家的年龄，也忘记了他当时还是个学生，那是1924年的秋天。 这一年距1918年发生的俄罗斯历史性转折仅仅六年，对于一个孩子来说，这一重大历史变革所带来的影响是肯定的、不论生活上，还是创作上。当时，肖斯塔科维奇正在列宁格勒音乐学院对读，但事实上，他这一时期经历了父亲逝世，家道中落和作品遭人诋毁等等坎坷。 |
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To many,
it seems to have been overlooked that dmitri shostakovich was
just 18 when he began writing his first symphony (op.10),
because it was so mature that people forgot the composer's age
and that he was still a student, in the fall of 1924. This year is only six years after the historic turning point of Russia in 1918. For a child, the impact of this major historical change is certain, both in life and in creation.At the time, shostakovich was studying at the Leningrad conservatory of music, but in fact, his period was marked by the death of his father, the decline of his family and the discrediting of his work. |
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| 亨兹·弗兰克Heinz Fricke | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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亨兹·弗兰克是世界公认的著名歌剧和交响乐指挥，特别是他对德国曲目的杰出诠释。 海因茨·弗里克出生在哈尔伯施塔特，在魏玛和莱比锡接受音乐教育，在那里他与赫尔曼·阿本德罗斯学习。 从1993年到2010年，海因茨·弗里克(Heinz Fricke)担任华盛顿国家歌剧院(Washington National Opera)的音乐总监，退休后被授予华盛顿国家歌剧院(Washington National Opera)和肯尼迪中心歌剧院管弦乐团(Kennedy Center Opera House Orchestra)的荣誉音乐总监。 自1993年被任命以来，他在后者的工作见证了他的许多作品，包括唐璜，魔笛，飞翔的荷兰人，帕西法尔，特里斯坦和伊索尔德，莱因戈尔德，瓦尔基里，莎乐美，玫瑰骑士 他曾担任柏林国家歌剧院音乐总监(1961 - 1992)和挪威国家歌剧院音乐总监(1984 - 1990)。 艺术家出现作为客席指挥与欧洲领先的歌剧院,包括柏林德意志歌剧院、德意志歌剧院莱茵,汉堡,慕尼黑和维也纳国家歌剧,在哥本哈根和斯德哥尔摩皇家歌剧院、皇家歌剧院,伦敦(帕西发尔多明戈)也在罗马之旅,这个皇家马德里,巴塞罗那,这个圣卡罗,《里斯本条约》。 2004年，他与奥斯陆丹·诺斯克歌剧院合作，在纳尔逊·曼德拉的赞助下，在罗本岛/开普敦进行电视广播。 在德国和国外的许多电视节目中出现，在摩羯座，永恒，柏林经典，艾代，世界，索尼标签的电台和CD录音。 |
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| 亨兹·弗兰克Heinz Fricke | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heinz Fricke is recognized world-wide as a leading operatic and symphonic conductor, in particular for his extraordinary inter-pretations of works from what is known as the German repertoire. Born in Halberstadt, Heinz Fricke received his musical education in Weimar and Leipzig, where he studied with Hermann Abendroth.Maestro Heinz Fricke was Music Director of the Washington National Opera from 1993 until 2010 and after his retirement was bestowed with the honorific title of Music Director Emeritus of both, the Washington National Opera and the Kennedy Center Opera House Orchestra. Since his appointment in 1993, his works with the latter company has seen him conduct numerous produc-tions including Don Giovanni, Die Zauberflöte, Der fliegende Holländer, Parsifal, Tristan und Isolde, Das Rheingold, Die Walküre, Salome, Der Rosenkavalier. He previously held the positions of Music Director of the Berlin State Opera (1961 - 1992) and of the Norwegian National Opera (1984 - 1990). The artist has appeared as a guest conductor with the leading opera houses in Europe, including Deutsche Oper Berlin, Deutsche Oper am Rhein, the Hamburg, Munich and Vienna State Operas, the Royal Opera Houses in Copenhagen and Stockholm, with the Royal Opera House, London (Parsifal with Plácido Domingo) also on tour to Rome, Teatro Real Madrid, Barcelona, Teatro Sao Carlo, Lisbon. He has also conducted the major symphony orchestras in Europe, Australia, Japan and South America, including the Teatro Colón, Buenos Aires. 2004: Fidelio production (co-operation with Den Norske Opera Oslo with TV broadcast in Robben Island / Cape Town under the auspices of Nelson Mandela).Numerous TV appearances in Germany and abroad, radio and CD recordings on the Capriccio, Eterna, Berlin Classics, EMI, Wergo, Sony labels | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 奥伊斯特拉赫 David Oistrakh, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 前苏联著名的小提琴家。五岁开始学琴，先后获得全苏小提琴比赛一等奖、全苏表演家比赛会优胜、维尼亚夫斯基国际小提琴比赛二等奖、依萨伊国际小提琴比赛会优胜、维尼亚夫斯基国际小提琴比赛二等奖、依萨伊国际小提琴比赛冠军等。演出节目几乎包括所有古典和现代最优秀的小提琴作品。具有惊人的表现力和精深的技巧，被誉为“莫斯科的帕格尼尼”，获得“苏联人民演员”称号和斯大林、列宁奖金。1939年起在莫斯科音乐学院任教，他的学生中，有现已闻名于世的小提琴家伊·奥依斯特拉赫（其子）、维·皮卡依曾、斯尼特科夫斯基等。 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 奥伊斯特拉赫 David Oistrakh, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Famous violinist of the former Soviet Union. He started to learn violin when he was five years old. He has won the first prize of the All-Soviet Violin Competition, the winner of the All-Soviet Performers Competition, the second prize of the Winyavsky International Violin Competition, the second prize of the Winyavsky International Violin Competition, the champion of the Isay International Violin Competition and so on. The program includes almost all the best classical and modern violin works. With amazing performance and profound skills, known as the "Moscow Paganini", won the "Soviet people's actor" title and Stalin, Lenin prize. In 1939, he began to teach at the Moscow Conservatory of Music. Among his students, there are now world-famous violinist Yi Oystrach (his son), Wei Pickup Yizeng, Snitkovsky and so on. |
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| 奥伊斯特拉赫演奏 肖斯塔科维奇 A小调第一小提琴协奏曲 Op.99 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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A小调第一小提琴协奏曲，作品99 在德米特里•肖斯塔科维奇 大卫·奥伊斯特拉赫,小提琴 柏林国立歌剧院乐团柏林国家乐团 亨兹·弗兰克，指挥 1967年柏林 |
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Violin Concerto No 1
in A minor, op 99 by Dmitri Shostakovich David Oistrakh, violin Staatskapelle Berlin Heinz Fricke, conductor Berlin 1967 |
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记录片－德米特里·肖斯塔科维 |
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| 更多肖斯塔科维奇的链接： | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 肖斯塔科维奇：我一生都在等待枪决 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 未得原作者编者授权严禁转载www.mt77.com任何内容 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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