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Today in the
history of music
Polish composer
and violinist Henryk Wieniawski died in Moscow on March 31, 1880.
The slavs made a great contribution to violin playing.The man who graced
the violin scene in the second half of the 19th century was hendrik
vinyavsky of Poland.Not only was he one of the greatest performers of
the nineteenth century, but his passionate Slavic temperament moved
audiences from the moment he stepped onto the stage, and his
captivating, intensely personal tone penetrated them.He had such good
technique that violinists of his time said that it was impossible for
him to know what a difficulty was.
Vinyavsky's work is fluid and perfect.In all, he wrote 24 works, of
which the violin concerto no. 2 (op.22) in d minor is one of our most
popular violins today.While viniavsky's work is considered primarily a
display of his personal skill, the concerto, along with his two
polonaise and "the legend," are among the most beloved violin pieces of
the day.
Born in lublin, Poland, he was raised in a musical environment.His
father was an army officer and his mother was the sister of the pianist
Edward Wolfe.From the age of five, viniavsky studied the violin under
jan hornziel, who had been chief of the orchestra at the Warsaw
opera.Later he went to work for shevardzinski, joachim's young teacher.
Even in an era when there seemed to be too many prodigies, vinyavsky's
progress was astonishing.At the age of eight, he was immediately
accepted by the Paris conservatory of music, entered the clavier class,
and soon became a student of the massars.At the age of eleven, he won an
enviable first prize for playing the violin, a rarity for a foreigner.
At the age of thirteen, he performed successfully in Poland and Russia
as a mature performer. Two years later, in 1850, he and his brother
Joseph, who played the piano, conquered audiences in Holland, France,
England and Germany.The tsarist court was a shrine to all great
violinists. In 1860, viniavsky was appointed solo violinist to the tsar
of st. Petersburg, where he worked for twelve years:
In the mid-nineteenth century, when some of the greatest artists in all
think it is necessary to visit the United States, not only because the
artists there is popular with people, but also because of economic
income, there 1872 NianWeiNi, with world famous pianist Anton rubinstein
(a close friends), and a set of instrumentalist, crossed the Atlantic
for the first time to visit the United States.The visit is historic for
many reasons.They were under contract for two hundred shows, for two
hundred dollars each, but for two hundred and thirty-nine days they
played no less than two hundred and fifteen.According to Harold
schoenberg, rubenstein complained that artists became "robots" under
such conditions. "may god protect us from this slavery!"But despite
being a very nervous person "and in poor health, Mr. Viniavsky, who
often canceled shows in st. Petersburg because of illness in the past,"
didn't miss a single concert in the United States.No matter how ill he
was, he always managed to find enough strength to perform on stage with
his beautiful fairy violin.Mr Viniavsky's wife made an unexpected
appearance on time, perhaps because their contract contained a clause
that required them to pay 1,000 francs for each performance they missed.
Even though Mr. Viniavsky and Mr. Rubenstein were good friends, there
was tension between them under the pressure.They had frequent quarrels,
which were followed by a long cold war.For his part, the main point of
contention was that rubenstein had put his name in large letters on the
program.Although they played the kreutzer sonata together for more than
seventy times, and played it so beautifully that many people cried, in
private their relations were strained, and neither wanted to reconcile.
When vinyavsky first appeared in the United States, one commentator
wrote: "vinyavsky is the greatest violinist we have ever heard in the
United States...Of all the living violinists, only joachim can match
him."But in private, winiavsky drank too much and gambled too much, and
a night at a gambling table was nothing to him.He often gambles away the
reward for his upcoming concert.Although he lived such a life, it seemed
to have no effect on the quality of his playing, but it did great harm
to his health.
When viejo was ill in 1873, winiavsky took his place for two years in
Brussels, and proved to be a good teacher.His health was greatly
improved by a regular and regular routine, but when vierdang recovered
and was reinstated, viniavsky returned to his old life, which proved
fatal to him.When he was in his thirties, he had a heart attack.He died
poor and lonely in a Moscow hospital at the age of forty-four.
There is a touching story about vinyavsky and joachim.What happened was
that joachim had always admired winiavsky so much that when winiavsky
premiered his violin concerto no. 2 in Berlin, joachim advised his
students to go to the concert.When vinyavsky came on stage to play, he
seemed very ill.After only a few minutes, he stopped to ask for a chair
so that he could continue to play, but suddenly a violent cough almost
choked him and he was quickly helped into the background.Joachim came
backstage immediately, after a while, joachim with Slovenia, walked onto
the stage of a violin, apologize to you, because he didn't wear a
costume, but also can not play his friend this wonderful concerto, but
he will play for you Bach without accompaniment suite in the "empty".The
audience applauded him warmly, tears of gratitude streaming down the
face of poor Mr. Vinyavsky as he swayed onto the stage and hugged Mr.
Joachim.
In his memoir, joachim said, "it is hard to imagine the skill of
winiavsky's left hand bow-handling without having heard him play in
person."Joachim was not an easy man to speak well of others.It is said
that viniavsky can play double overtones, fast tenth-passing sentences,
left-handed plucking and pulling of a continuous bow, and is very clear
and accurate.His bow was said to be faultless.It is interesting to note
that grove, Mr Viniar said, is "if not the first, is the earliest
discovered with bow correct pronunciation of the important role of
people live, this way is bow importance to the role of the index finger,
and it balances the ability of the bow weight" this way seems to be
holding bow toward the latest "Russian type" the first sign of
development.Carl flash later advocated the use of this Russian bow grip,
which is now used by most people.Viniavsky also further perfected and
used a fast tandem bow with tight arms.
Mr. Viniavsky had two very good violins, but both had to be sold to pay
off gambling debts.One was a stradivarius called the winiavsky, made in
1719 at the height of his career at the age of seventy-five.Shevtchek
listened to it, and thought that in all his long life he had never heard
anything like it.In his last year, viniavsky acquired a violin made by
pietro guarneri, and everyone who had heard viniavsky play it said that
his unique talent suited the quality of the rare instrument.Then it came
to hu bai, who had been playing it for years.
Today's video: Tian Yuan playing Wieniawski's scherzo and tarantella
(2015). |
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