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                      莫扎特之旅-文化交流-音乐历史上的今天                    
                     
 
 
                   
                     

                   
                     
 
 

 
 

                                         田润德 编译 文/图 2020-02-18  18:36

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  约翰内斯·勃拉姆斯(Johannes Brahms,1833—1897)      
         
 

卡拉扬指挥勃拉姆斯的德意志安魂曲 Ein Deutsches Requiem 【中德双字】

     
  勃拉姆斯《德意志安魂曲》在安魂曲音乐中的特殊地位,在于它不但是以德语演唱的、唱词摆脱了传统的拉丁语经文的规范,而且精神上更富于人性,从天主教的神性转向自马丁·路德以来在德国兴起的新教的精神。勃拉姆斯从1857年开始创作《德意志安魂曲》,到1861年写就了四个乐章。1865至1866年间,为纪念母亲的去世,勃拉姆斯增加了两个乐章。到1868年写出最后的一段音乐后,此曲才告完成,创作前后历时十年之久。      
 
     
  音乐历史上的今天

1869年2月18日,勃拉姆斯(Johannes Brahms)耗时11年创作、因母亲去世刺激完成的《德意志安魂曲》(German Requiem)在莱比锡上演,由卡尔·莱内克( Carl Reinecke)指挥。瓦格纳把这部作品称为“舒曼最后的沉思”;萧伯纳则认为这部《安魂曲》“只有死人才有耐心忍受”。
约翰内斯·勃拉姆斯(Johannes Brahms,1833年5月7日—1897年4月3日),出生于汉堡,逝于维也纳,德国古典主义最后的作曲家,浪漫主义中期作曲家。
勃拉姆斯出身于音乐家庭,又译白蓝士、柏纳谟斯。他的大部分创作时期是在维也纳度过的,是维也纳的音乐领袖人物。一些评论家将他与巴赫(Bach)、贝多芬(Beethoven)排列在一起称为三B。勃拉姆斯 的小提琴协奏曲不但弘扬了古典音乐的传统,而且技巧更加艰深辉煌,并且创造了极其浪漫的景致,它是考验每一位小提琴大师的试金石。勃拉姆斯一生虽然只写了四首交响曲,但仍被称为是贝多芬以后最伟大的交响曲作曲家之一。

对于初次接触勃拉姆斯的欣赏者,大师们往往推荐勃拉姆斯年轻时的成名作《德意志安魂曲》,因为他充满了德意志精神,充满了感人的力量,最具有代表性。回顾创造了西方文明最灿烂一页的基督教文明,音乐上最伟大的贡献都由德国人作出,这绝不是偶然的。正是马丁·路德“信徒皆祭司”的神学思想,把圣乐从天主教神职人员专司的特权下解放了出来,成为所有信徒共同向神献祭的普天颂赞。与前人的安魂曲作品相比,无论在内容或在音乐上,勃拉姆斯的《德意志安魂曲》都开创一个全新的意境,更富于人性。
与前人的安魂曲作品相比,无论在内容或在音乐上,勃拉姆斯的《德意志安魂曲》都开创一个全新的意境,更富于人性。这一作品是勃拉姆斯最伟大的声乐作品,标志着他的音乐创作达到了一个顶峰,也使他在整个欧洲赢得了极高的声誉。《德意志安魂曲》把合唱、独唱与管弦乐完美的结合在了一起,其创作灵感来源于亨德尔的复调音乐传统。

今日视频:1、卡拉扬指挥《德意志安魂曲》。
仅以此曲悼念全国在新型冠状病毒疫情中牺牲的那些仁心仁术、恫瘝在抱的医护人员及被疫情夺去生命的痛苦的人们。并告慰那些挣扎在生死线上的病人和死难的家属,这是莫扎特之旅发自内心的怀念与哀悼!!!

2、郑京和演奏勃拉姆斯 《D大调小提琴协奏曲》(1996)

 
 
 
 
 
       
  56岁的约翰内斯·勃拉姆斯(Johannes Brahms)      
  Today in music history
German Requiem by Johannes Brahms was performed in leipzig on 18 February 1869.
Brahms's "German Requiem," which took 11 years to write and was prompted by his mother's death, was performed in leipzig, conducted by Carl Reinecke.Wagner called it "schumann's last meditation";George Bernard shaw called the requiem "only the dead have the patience to bear it".
Johannes Brahms (7 May 1833 -- 3 April 1897), born in Hamburg and died in Vienna, was the last composer of German classicism and the middle composer of romanticism.
Brahms was born into a musical family and translated into Brahms and bernamus.He spent most of his creative time in Vienna, where he was the music leader.Some critics have dubbed him a triple B, along with Bach and Beethoven.Brahms's violin concerto not only carried forward the tradition of classical music, but also created a more difficult and brilliant technique, and created a very romantic scene, it is the test of every violin master stone.Although Brahms wrote only four symphonies in his lifetime, he is still regarded as one of the greatest composers of symphonies since Beethoven.
For the first time to contact Brahms audience, the masters often recommend Brahms young become famous work "German requiem", because he is full of the German spirit, full of moving power, the most representative.It is no accident that the greatest contributions to music were made by the germans, looking back at the Christian civilization that created the most brilliant page of western civilization.It was Martin Luther's theology of "believers as priests" that freed sacred music from the prerogative of the Catholic clergy and made it a universal blessing for all believers to sacrifice to god.Compared with the requiem works of predecessors, Brahms' requiem creates a new artistic conception and is more human, both internally and musically.
Compared with the requiem works of predecessors, Brahms' requiem creates a new artistic conception and is more human, both internally and musically.This work is Brahms' greatest vocal music, marking his music creation reached a peak, also made him in the whole of Europe to win a very high reputation.The German requiem is a perfect combination of chorus, solo and orchestra, inspired by Handel's polyphonic tradition.


Today's video: 1. Karajan conducting the German requiem.
Only this song mourning the sacrifice of those in the outbreak of a new type of coronavirus er, bully Guan epidemic kills in the embrace of the medical staff and the pain of the people.And comfort those struggling in the line of death and the families of the dead, this is Mozart's journey from the heart of memory and mourning!!
2. Brahms violin concerto in D major (1996).

 

 
 
 
 
     
       
  乔治·萧伯纳(George Bernard Shaw )      
  乔治·萧伯纳,在他的坚持下被简称为萧伯纳,是爱尔兰剧作家、评论家、辩论家和政治活动家。他对西方戏剧、文化和政治的影响从19世纪80年代一直延续到他去世后。他创作了60多部戏剧,包括《人与超人》(1902)、《皮格马利翁》(1912)和《圣女贞德》(1923)等重要作品。萧伯纳集当代讽刺和历史讽喻于一身,成为他那一代的主要剧作家,并于1925年获得诺贝尔文学奖。
 
     
  George Bernard Shaw , known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist. His influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as Man and Superman (1902), Pygmalion (1912) and Saint Joan (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.      
 
       
  一生勤奋写作笔耕不辍的萧伯纳,是古典音乐的粉丝,莫扎特的忠实崇拜者。      
 
     
 
       
  卡尔·莱内克,(Carl Reinecke, )      
  Carl Reinecke, in full Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke, (born June 23, 1824, Altona, near Hamburg [Germany] died March 10, 1910, Leipzig), German pianist, composer, conductor, and teacher who sought, in his works and teaching, to preserve the Classical tradition in the late 19th century. After study with his father, Reinecke made several concert tours. He taught counterpoint and piano at the Cologne Conservatory (1851 54) and was music director first at Barmen (1854 59), then at Breslau University (1859 60). He held the important posts of conductor of Leipzig s Gewandhaus Orchestra (1860 95) and teacher of piano and composition at the Leipzig Conservatory from 1860, while he continued to make annual concert tours. He became the Conservatory s director in 1897. He was one of the most influential musicians of his time, counting among his students Edvard Grieg, Hugo Riemann, Arthur Sullivan, and Felix Weingartner. He wrote works for orchestra (symphonies, overtures, concertos), piano, and voice, as well as chamber music and works for the stage.      
  卡尔·莱内克,全名卡尔·海因里希·卡尔斯滕·莱内克,(1824年6月23日出生于德国汉堡附近的奥尔托纳,1910年3月10日在莱比锡逝世),德国钢琴家、作曲家、指挥家和教师,在他的作品和教学中,力图保持19世纪后期的古典传统。在跟随父亲学习之后,赖内克进行了几次巡回演唱会。1851年至1854年,他在科隆音乐学院教授对位和钢琴。1854年至1859年,他先后在巴曼(Barmen)和布雷斯劳大学(Breslau University)担任音乐总监。从1860年起,他担任莱比锡Gewandhaus管弦乐队指挥(1860 95年)和莱比锡音乐学院钢琴和作曲教师的重要职务,同时继续每年进行巡回演出。1897年,他成为了音乐学院的院长。他是那个时代最有影响力的音乐家之一,他的学生包括爱德华·格里格、雨果·里曼、阿瑟·沙利文和菲利克斯·温加特纳。他为管弦乐队(交响乐,序曲,协奏曲),钢琴和人声,以及室内乐和舞台创作作品。      
         
   
  阿尔弗雷多·皮亚蒂、卡尔·雷内克和约瑟夫·约阿希姆的肖像,并附有音乐引文。1890年5月11日至15日在波恩举行的贝多芬庆祝活动。      
  Portrait of Alfredo Piatti, Carl Reinecke and Joseph Joachim with musical quotations. Beethoven Feier in Bonn, 11-15 Mai 1890.      
 
     
         
 

郑京和演奏勃拉姆斯小提琴协奏曲  1996

安德烈·普列文(Andre Previn)指挥科隆西德广播交响乐团

     
  Kyung-Wha Chung plays Brahms violin concerto with Andre Previn and Kölner Rundfunksinfonie Orchester. The performance took place in Köln in December 1996. I. Allegro non troppo 1:00 II. Adagio 24:18 III. Allegro giocoso, ma non troppo vivace 33:28      
 
 
 
     
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