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                      莫扎特之旅-文化交流-音乐历史上的今天                    
                     
 
 
                   
                     

                   
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                                         田润德 编译文/图 2020-10-28  20:36

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  约瑟夫·金戈尔德 (Josef Gingold,1909-1995)      
       
  约瑟夫·金戈尔德演奏舒伯特奏鸣曲 D.574 + 三首小品      
  Josef Gingold plays schubert sonata D.574 + three sketches      
 
     
  音乐历史上的今天

1909年10月28日,美国小提琴家和教师约瑟夫·金戈尔德 (Josef Gingold,1909-1995) 出生在俄国。
约瑟夫·金戈尔德 (Josef Gingold,1909-1995) ,生于俄国的金戈尔德却在美国学习成长,并进而成为二十世纪最重要的小提琴教师之一,1909年10月28日 ,在1917年革命后不久举家迁移到美国。约瑟夫·金戈尔德1982年创办的印第安纳波里斯国际小提琴比赛已是世界上竞争最为激烈的小提琴赛事之一。
约瑟夫金戈尔德,俄罗斯出生的美国小提琴家和教师(1909年10月28日-1995年1月11日)。

金戈尔德在美国学习两年后,又前往布鲁塞尔,拜入尤金·伊萨依 (Eugene Ysaye) 门下。金戈尔德是法比学派的一代宗师尤金·伊萨依的得意门生,习成后的金戈尔德返回美国,加入英才济济的NBC交响乐团 (当时指挥托斯卡尼尼),乐团解散后,他获塞尔(George Szell)邀请,成为克里夫兰管弦乐团首席。此后金戈尔德逐渐将生涯从演奏方面转移到教学方面。
他首先在印第安那大学任教,这所大学如今是美国首屈一指的音乐学府。他还担任过诸多著名国际音乐大赛的评审,并曾校订过三十余首小提琴协奏曲,以及许多克莱斯勒的独奏作品,都已成为当代演奏家所使用的定本。他不仅是伟大的教育家,其演出也具有极为优秀的特质。


金戈尔德著名的学生:
香特尔·朱莉叶
香特尔·朱莉叶生于加拿大蒙特利尔。师从约瑟夫·金戈尔德,16岁时已囊括加拿大各大重要小提琴赛事的大奖。朱莉叶更是赢得国际青年艺术家比赛第一名,并在洛杉矶、纽约和华盛顿成功地举办了公演。朱莉叶被誉为加拿大最具才华的音乐家之一。
约瑟夫·西尔弗斯坦
约瑟夫·西尔弗斯坦是国际著名的指挥家、小提琴家,师从约瑟夫·金戈尔德,作为指挥家和独奏家,约瑟夫·西尔弗斯坦与美国、日本、以色列及欧洲的一百多个乐团有过合作。他经常参加重要的国际音乐比赛,1959年他在布鲁塞尔举行的伊丽莎白女王比赛中获得银奖,还赢得了沃尔特·W.瑙姆伯格奖。
约舒亚·贝尔
小提琴家约舒亚·贝尔12岁时,由于受到著名的提琴教师约瑟夫·金戈尔德的启发,他对小提琴演奏采取了严肃的态度。并且他成了金戈尔德钟爱的学生。他是第一个在VH1上有现场音乐广播演出的经典艺术的艺术家。他也成为了BBC精选集中的一集的主题。“她”杂志评价他为现代最著名的美国小提琴家。纽约一周对他的评论是:“他的音乐是从纯粹的技巧转换到了真正的艺术家境界,是对人头脑和心灵的双重享受。”

今日视频:1、约瑟夫·金戈尔德演奏舒伯特奏鸣曲 D.574 + 三首小品2金戈尔德的弟子小提琴女神安梅耶演奏的小品;3、金戈尔德 的弟子约舒亚·贝尔12岁时演奏柴可夫斯基小提琴协奏曲。

 
 
 
 
 
   
  约瑟夫·金戈尔德 (Josef Gingold)在繁忙的演奏中还不忘教学,培养出了很多优秀的小提琴家。      
  约瑟夫·金戈尔德(Josef Gingold 1909~1997)
来的俄国的金戈尔德却在美国学习成长,并进而成为二十世纪最重要的小提琴教师之一,1909年10月28日出生在俄国,在1917年革命后不久举家迁移到美国。在美国学习两年后,由前往布鲁塞尔,拜入名师伊萨伊(Eugeng Ysaye)门下。学成后的金戈尔德返回美国,加入英才济济的NBC交响乐团(当时的指挥是托斯卡尼尼),乐团解散后,他应塞尔(George Szell)邀请成为克里夫兰管弦乐团首席。此后金戈尔德逐渐由演出转向教学。他首先在印第安纳大学任教,这所学校如今是美国首屈一指的音乐学府。他还担任过诸多国际著名音乐大赛的评委,并曾校对过三十余首小提琴协奏曲,以及许多克莱斯勒的独奏作品,都已成为当代演奏家所使用的版本。他不仅是伟大的教育家,其演出也具有极为优秀的音乐特质

推荐录音:高大宜 小提琴与大提琴二重奏 Delos1015
 
     
 
     
  Today in the history of music
July 28, 1750 "Shortly after 8:45, Johann Sebastian Bach died peacefully and peacefully in the 66th year of his life, according to the will of our Lord."
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) is the heir of the past polyphonic music art, he is the peak representative of Baroque music, is the last great religious artist, is one of the giants of music history.
Bach's family has been a professional musician for generations. Since the end of the 16th century, Bach's family has been known as a musical family. Within two years, dozens of musicians were born, most of them were active in Thuringia or nearby areas, and it was the fifth generation that came to Bach.Several of his children went on to become famous musicians, and the family was truly musical.It was fortunate for the young Bach, who was very musical, to grow up in such an environment.
At the age of eight, Bach attended a Latin school where he was taught a wide range of subjects.At home, Bach followed his father to learn the skills of playing the violin and cello, and learned the organ from his uncle.However, Bach's learning career was not always smooth. His mother died of illness when he was 9 years old, and his father died the following year. Bach had to live in his brother's home while continuing his schooling and learning the organ and harpsichord.At the time, Bach was a soprano for children in the church choir.Based on a love of music and desire, he is skilled in a very short period of time brother as he arranged all the music courses, but it doesn't seem to satisfy his desire of learning, he has repeatedly pleaded with brother let him have a look at some famous masters, such as Florida, berger, Kerr and seashells large keys, the music of violin music such as people but are brother sternly refused.In spite of the great store of musical materials in the house, his imperious brother would not allow him to study, no matter how much he entreated him to do so.Little Bach had to secretly transcribe the beloved music in the moonlight while his brother was away from home and sleeping late at night. It lasted for half a year, which greatly damaged his vision and led him to spend his old age in agony in blindness until his death.
How pathetic and admirable is it that a 10-year-old who has lost both parents should be seeking valuable knowledge from his family in this way!It is strange that such a noble and obsessive pursuit could not move his elder brother -- when he discovered his brother's secret, he went into a rage and not only mercilessly confiscated all Bach's blood, but also severely punished him without introspection or pity.
At 15, Bach felt he could no longer depend on others.He finally left home alone and embarked on the road of independent life.
With a beautiful voice and excellent skills at clavichord, violin and organ, he was admitted to the choir of The Church of Mycleis in Luneburg and attended theological school.The library contained a wealth of classical music, and Bach plunged into it like a giant sponge, absorbing with all his might the artistic achievements of various European genres and broadening his musical horizon.
In order to practice the piano, he often stayed up all night.Every holiday, he would walk dozens of miles to Hamburg to hear famous musicians play.
Looking back on Bach's growth path, we can find that he consulted many famous musicians, but never received long-term guidance from a formal teacher.Because of this, he is just like a diligent bee, looking for and sucking nourishment everywhere, go through all the pains, do not hesitate.
In Bach's life, poverty and death went hand in hand like a pair of terrible demons.He married twice and had 20 children.Not only did he never enjoy a life of wealth and comfort, but from the age of nine he began to feel the gloom of death as his parents died one after another, becoming a father only to see 11 of his children go to the grave.
Bach underwent two surgeries for his eyes in his later years. The result was that he could not see again, but his body was ruined. He finally died on July 28, 1750.
Bach's career revolted between the aristocratic court and the church. Even though music was attached to the religious system, his works emphasized the thoughts and feelings of the common people and their sufferings.There are also humorous and cheerful themes in his works, which are expressed as the hope for happiness and ideals, the overcoming of pain and humiliation, and the implicit dissatisfaction and protest against the reality.His hymns (hymns) and crucifixes are representative examples.
Bach's creation can be generally divided into three main stages -- the Weimar Period (1 708 ~ 1717), which is the age when his creation reached maturity.Corden's period (1717 ~ 1723) was the peak of his creation, and many outstanding works were completed in this era.The Leipzig period (1723 ~ 1750) was the period when Bach brought religious art to its highest level.
Bach's musical works covered all the musical fields of his time except opera.Although most of the works have long since disappeared, more than 500 remain.Throughout the history of music, there are many magnificent works, but when it comes to the contribution to the history of music and music education, Bach undoubtedly leaves us in the dust.The great master of baroque music opened up a new realm of counterpoint music, equal temperament, fugue and other musical skills in later ages, consolidated the stable foundation of music art after him, and became the source of artistic inheritance of great music artists such as Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven.
Bach's greatest achievement in the art of music is to push polyphonic music to an unprecedented height. In this realm, it can be said that he has reached the acme of perfection.
Today's video: 1. Bach's Violin Concerto No. 2 in E Major, BWV 1042, conducted by Karajan, Anne-Sophie Mutter;Bach Concerto for double Violins in D Minor -- Menuin & Oysterlach (1958).
 

 
 
 
 
     
   
  金戈尔德(Josef Gingold)在印地安那大學后期的学生安·梅耶      
         
         
  【小提琴】小提琴女神安梅耶 Anne Akiko Meyers_ Liebesleid Love_s Sorrow Fritz(720P_HD))      
  梅耶和她拥有的三把名琴    
  小提琴女神安·梅耶,手中先後擁有三把當世名琴,而且她也用這些名琴在她的錄音中。告示牌雜誌年度最暢銷古典藝人安梅耶,她的拉奏不只善待樂曲、也善待手中名琴,而聽者也似乎被那麼細膩溫柔體貼著耳朵。
安·梅耶雖然在名字中掛有一個日文拼音,但身為美日混血的她,不僅外表帶有混血兒的美豔,從小就出生在加州的她,其實是非常完全的美國人。她是小提琴名家 金戈尔德(Josef Gingold)在印地安那大學末代學生,日後在茱莉亞音樂院也成為狄蕾的學生,所以和當今小提琴界的大師如帕爾曼、林昭亮等人都是同門。十一歲就和洛杉磯愛樂合作登台的她,十二歲就被祖賓梅塔邀請和紐約愛樂合作,是完完全全的天才兒童。十六歲就獲得全世界最大古典經紀公司合約和唱片合約,等於是還沒念完茱莉亞音樂院就已經被公認是完整的職業級音樂家,十八歲第一張專輯演奏的是巴伯(Samuel Barber)的小提琴協奏曲,二十一歲後轉入RCA唱片公司,在這裡她發行了六張專輯,之後才因為她的音樂志趣轉變,而轉到獨立唱片公司,這之後她主要的錄音曲目都是偏向現代和前衛曲目,甚至也包含爵士和跨界,以及許多當代作曲家為她寫的作品,雖然如此,一直到2014年,她都還曾拿下告示牌雜誌年度最暢銷古典藝人的頭銜。
安·梅耶早年手中握有兩把當今世上最名貴的史特拉第瓦里名琴,一把是1790年名為「皇家家西班牙」、另一把則是1697年的「Molitor」,後者的的身價高達美金三百六十萬,此琴前後被拿破崙大帝等名人所擁有,也上過美國電視節目被深入報導,是史上拍賣價最高的名琴。但之後又有人以據說高達一千六百美金的高價購得另一把1741年的瓜奈里名琴「魏奧當」借她使用,因此安梅耶手中先後握有三把當世名琴,而且她也用這些名琴在她的錄音中。
在安·梅耶初登上樂壇的年代,當時真的在樂壇上受到討論的女性小提琴家並不多,幾乎是鳳毛麟角般的稀少,而真正獲得國際唱片公司合約的更只有鄭京和、慕特兩人有過長期發片的機會,而這些女性小提琴家往往只能被迫向男性演奏家的風格和音色看齊,以免在極講究傳統的古典音樂界被認為離經叛道,但安梅耶可以說是最早用非常女性化音色和敏銳度來賦予手中樂曲特別觀察角度的女性小提琴家,她沒有刻意要模仿男性小提琴家的陽剛作風和斷句、音色,而是轉而強調自己的女性纖細和敏感音色,這也是為什麼她會一再吸引名琴收購者指定要將世界最貴小提琴交給她演奏的原因,因為她的拉奏不只善待樂曲、也善待手中名琴,而聽者也似乎被那麼細膩溫柔體貼著耳朵。
   
       
  约舒亚·贝尔(Joshua Bell 1967-)      
 

小提琴家约舒亚·贝尔12岁时,由于受到著名的提琴教师约瑟夫·金戈尔德的启发,他对小提琴演奏采取了严肃的态度。并且他成了金戈尔德钟爱的学生。他是第一个在VH1上有现场音乐广播演出的经典艺术的艺术家。他也成为了BBC精选集中的一集的主题。“她”杂志评价他为现代最著名的美国小提琴家。纽约一周对他的评论是:“他的音乐是从纯粹的技巧转换到了真正的艺术家境界,是对人头脑和心灵的双重享受。”

     
  At the age of 12, violinist Joshua Bell took a serious approach to violin playing, inspired by the famous violin teacher Joseph Gingold. And he became Gingold's favorite student. He was the first artist to have a live music radio performance of Classic Art on VH1. He was also the subject of an episode of the BBC's Greatest Hits. "She" magazine rated him as the most famous American violinist of modern times. New York Week commented on him: "His music is a transformation from pure skill to true artistry, a double enjoyment of the human mind and heart."      
         
  1982年约舒亚·贝尔在j金戈尔德的大师课上      
 
 
 
     
  未得原作者编者授权严禁转载www.mt77.com任何内容      
                   
                     
 
 
 
 
                   
                     
 

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